The Greeks LO1

The Greeks

-The first European civilization.

-Quote- "Within classical Greek civilization there appeared ideas, art forms, and types of government whose influence on western civilization has lasted down to the present day"

-Barbarian peoples- distinctive way of life based on farming, warfare, and tribal organization that became widespread in Europe beginning in 2500 BC.

-Barbarian- anyone who wasn't a Greek, into warfare

-Invented democracy

-lived in tribes, believed in myths

-originally, people lived all over the place, not considered Europeans

-Began to migrate into the southeastern region of Europe

-Classical Greek civilization- 800 BC

-Deeply influenced by their neighbors

-New art forms and types of government- lasted to present day

-Greek City-States- based on oligarchies

-Traded and colonized near the Mediterranean Sea

-Innovators of warfare

-LO1 The European Barbarians

-4000 BC farming and village life spread throughout,

-An increase in population and wealth

-Megalithic- from the Greek word "large boulder", massive rough cut stones used to construct monuments and tombs

Chronology

-4000 BC- farming and village life spreads from Sumerians and Egyptians lands across SW Asia and NE Africa and the European continent

-3500 BC- Megalithic structures are constructed in Europe, Stonehenge, 160 huge bounders weighing up to 50 tons

-2500 BC- Indo-European nomads from the steppes migrate into Europe; European barbarian ways of life evolves

-1600 BC- Greek fortified settlements along the Aegean develop Mycenaean civilization

-1400 BC- Destruction of Minoan towns

-Language they would involve into Greek and Latin

-Their lives centered around strength and courage, comradeship and loyalty, contests, and battles

-Thinner populations than Egypt or Mesopotamia- they formed tribes, social, and political unit consisting of communities held together by common interests, traditions, and real or mythical ties of kinship

Tribes were headed by powerful hereditary chieftains, thought of as kings (or, rarely, queens)

- no cities, no written records, no fixed structures of government

-They were barbarians, (from Greek)

-They adopted the way of life of those they encountered, and as they traveled, this is how civilization eventually spread throughout Europe

-The distinctive civilization the Greeks developed is the first that counts as definitely western

Geography of Greece

Mountainous peninsula
- mountains cover 3/4
Approx. 1,400 islands in the Seas
Location shaped its culture
Skilled Sailors
Poor natural resources
-Why the Greeks:

-New Ideas
-Incredible art forms
-Democratic government with citizen participation
-Innovators in warfare